Friday, November 29, 2013
How well do you know the Faubourg des Sars?
This is probably the oldest Suburbs Maubeuge. Located north of Maubeuge. It starts Mons road to extend to the Grand-Bois. He meets the new south area of spruce, extension of this district was born in the late 50s.
Its backbone, the "Street of Sars" naturally takes its point of departure two National Mons Road between numbers 99 and 101. It crosses a town where, nowadays, some old houses still exist whose origin may be several hundred years old. Once past the Rue de la Chapelle, street of the absence of a Chapel which will be discussed further in this paper, then leaving on the left the Boulevard de la Fontaine, the landscape changes completely giving way to large grassed areas governed two farms with Farm Sars or "Small Sars" called "Farm Rosette" following the allocation of residence of the Giant of Sars "Rosette" by the President of the Friends of Maubeuge in the 30s: Henri Boez .
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| Street Sars |
The Giant "Rosette Small Sars' being seen in the comedy of Henri Boez" The very true story of Rosette Small Sars "as the hypothetical daughter of Lord Bruneau Bailly Grand Chapter of St. Aldegonde the 17th century.
Finally, crossing the city of Rosetta and after a little path lined with some newer homes, it ends perpendicular to the rue du Grand-Bois.
- Rue des Sars, what is the etymology of this word Sars?
Sars has "swidden" which means a permanent or temporary clearing of land by single tree felling or thinning forests. It is therefore likely that before the clearing, Grand Bois occupied a large part of the land now occupied by the Faubourg.
- The first school of Northern Suburbs Maubeuge.
She was street Hunt, a place called "El Cache", currently Boulevard Jean de la Fontaine. It was a school for boys in two courses. In the 19th century, Mr. Arnoux was the teacher. He was born in 1810 and lived 100 years. He had a big beard became all white at the end of his life. Retired Mr Arnoux, primary school became a kindergarten and children had to go Faubourgs primary to Maubeuge.
For information: the girls' school was located at 134 route de Mons.
- 1950 Le Faubourg des Sars.
In the early '50s, you could still count 7 farms.
At the entrance of the street Sars, PAMAR the farm and right of the street after the number 60, a dead (now rue Jean BART) brought to Bersillon farm. At the height of the Rue de la Chapelle, DELMOTTE the farm and down the road, the HAUSSY farm.
Northwards towards the Grand-Bois, on the left, Rue de la Chasse (now Boulevard Jean de la Fontaine) led to the PIETTE farm whose buildings still exist, then North is a path leading to the farm always LIXON active with other occupants. Taking street Sars north-west, we come to the farm Sars, first living in this neighborhood. Finally we come to the rue du Grand-Bois where was Jean FOREST farm.
- In 1596, the birth of a living.
It is April 29, 1596 the farm Sars, more exactly "Little Sars" was established on land given by the Holy Chapter Aldegonde Michel Bruneau married Marie ALAUWR. Chapter Sainte Aldegonde granted her this manor with high, middle and low justice to hold the said chapter as fee simple.
Why remain in place? Probably a location centered in the middle of his land and the stream crossing "the Pisselotte" for creating a protective to surround the castle farm pond, all assumptions are allowed.
This point of life was definitely the start of development of the Faubourg of Sars. A housing census of 1666 gave to the town of Maubeuge 496 housing center. For the Faubourg des Sars 3 houses including the Lordship of Michel Bruneau while there were only one house in Pont-Ranging. Thereafter, it was the first of the Northern Suburbs Maubeuge to have a school.
Michel Bruneau was a farmer but probably its bourgeois origins and excellent education enabled him to reach the position of director of property Chapter Sainte Aldegonde. Bailly Grand Chapter of St. Aldegonde, he was the representative of the authority of the Chapter bailiwick , responsible for enforcing justice and control the administration in his name. The Office of Bally could be noble and sword which also explains the title of "Lord of Petit Sars." The castle farm was protected by a circle of water, probably caused much moisture in the building and can perhaps even by the great rain Pisselotte overflowed its banks, flooding the surrounding grasslands. Spouses Bruneau felt the need to change their place of residence and comply with their new home, their lifestyle of "Little Lord Sars." They did build a castle in a healthier place, near the highest point of the Faubourg Sars.
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| Theoretical location of the castle |
They built a house at the bottom of a large rectangle with the old chapel at the end of an aisle formed the front street of Sars. (This chapel dedicated to Our Lady of Mercy will be a special chapter in its long history).
Unfortunately so far we have no information on the date of its construction.The only clue to the location of its foundation, the yellowed grass prairie in very dry weather giving, seen from an airplane, a vague idea of the magnitude of the castle.
- 1789: The French Revolution.
During the Revolution, it is likely that the castle was burned and the chapel at the street was practically destroyed, but it seems that some objects were sheltered by some pious hands found their way to the reconstruction of the chapel 1876.
After the events of 1789, the property of emigrants were returned to their owners but none of the descendants of the Bruneau family gave no sign of life, however, if at that time there were still descendants of the Bruneau family, Lord Petit Sars.
The only vestige of this lordship kept being ruined chapel. Following a decision of the National Assembly of 1790, the ruins of the chapel became the property of the City of Maubeuge. She remained his property until its demolition in 1970 and was then replaced by a modern chapel built up Albert PAUVROS always remain property of the City of Maubeuge.
- The genealogical tree of the family of Michel and Marie Bruneau.
To my knowledge, there is nothing about this in the French archives. This description of the genealogical tree of Bruneau Family comes from the archives of the parish registers of Mons (Belgium).
Protocol notary and registry LENS Mons Mons, auctions from 1707 to 1710.
Family tree
Michel Bruneau Lord Petit Sars, Bailli Chapter Ste. Aldegonde
ALAUWE Marie (his wife daughter of a Bourgeois Mons perhaps Pierre ALAUWE)
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Louis Bruneau Lord Petit Sars, Bailiff and Receiver General Chapter Ste. Aldegonde. He married in Mons February 12, 1623 Mary was born in Mons BOUSSU January 3, 1600 (daughter of Adrien and Catherine BOUSSU BOCQUET)
He remarried after the death of his wife Marie du Mont, widow of Charles de BOUSSU his brother. Louis Bruneau died Sept. 19, 1637.
Louis Bruneau and his wife Mary BOUSSU are buried in the church of Casteau-les-Thieusies in the sepulchral chapel of the DONNAY-Bruneau family. On their graves can still be seen today their arms: Or, a bull's head sand.
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Ignatius Lord Adrien Petit Bruneau Sars
Isabeau BUISSERET (died January 23, 1709)
(Daughter of George BUSSERET alderman of Mons and the Lord Moran
and Antoinette DURING)
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They had 3 children:
Philippe-François Bruneau Lord Petit Sars and acquirer Marchiennes in Harvengt. He lived in Mons. (Single, died June 4, 1727 in Mons)
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Catherine Bruneau Lord Petit Sars (single, died in 1709)
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Adrien Philippe Bruneau (the eldest of 3 children) Lord de la Roquette.
Wife Marie-Marguerite ANZEAU March 31, 1681
(Daughter of Philippe-Antoine ANZEAU and Jacqueline BOURGEOIS)
She is buried in Mons in the church of St. Waudru August 12, 1727.
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They had 5 children:
Marie-Joseph Bruneau. She went into the Ursuline Order.
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Joseph-François-Adrien Bruneau
Wife Marie-Antoine-Joseph Hannier January 6, 1719 in Sainte Waudru.
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Henri-Louis-Joseph Bruneau Lord of The Hague, Petit Sars January 2, 1732, Marchiennes September 9, 1735 and residing at Mons September 30, 1744.
Wife Marie-Claire Malengreau October 6, 1727 at St. Waudru Mons.
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Joseph-Ignace Bruneau Lord de la Roquette.
Dame Jeanne Arnoldine TAHON first wife of Joseph-Ignace Bruneau, died December 12, 1729 and was buried the same day in the church of St. Waudru.
Marie-Claire HANOT his second wife March 7, 1734 in St. Waudru Mons. She died November 19, 1735 and was buried the same day at St. Waudru.
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Philippe-Joseph Bruneau
Wife Marie-Thérèse of HAMAIDE October 16, 1730 in the church of Sainte Waudru.
After the death of Philippe-François Bruneau June 4 in Mons, his nephew Henri-Louis-Joseph Bruneau, Lord Marchiennes and Hague becomes, succeeding him, Lord Petit Sars in 1732.
Henri-Louis-Joseph was married October 6, 1727, in the church of Sainte Waudru, Marie-Thérèse-Claire MALEINGTREAU. Heiress The family will keep ownership of the Lordship of Marchiennes until 7 August 1781.
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Henri-Louis-Joseph Bruneau, born in Mons, was the son of Adrien Philippe Bruneau. He died in Harvengt 4 September 1761 at the age of about 66 years. He was buried in the church of Sainte Waudru. It was to my knowledge the last Lord of Petit Sars.
Marie-Thérèse-Claire MALEINGTREAU widow died at Mons 24 January 1781 without having children. The heirs of Marie-Thérèse-Claire MALEINGTREAU sold the lordship of Marchiennes May 18, 1781. There is nothing stated about the Lordship of Small Sars but the French revolution, nearby, put an end to this Lordship.
- Rosette Small Sars.
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| Feast of Roses. The Little Giant Rosette Sars |
By traversing the family tree Michel Bruneau, it is easy to note the absence of the name of Rosette or Rose in the descendants of the Bruneau family.
It is thus demonstrated that Rosette Small Sars is hypothetical daughter of Michel Bruneau. The name of Rosette awarded by Henri Boez (Chairman of Friends of Maubeuge) the creation of the giant had been chosen to become the one hand the "Queen of the Feast of Roses" and other popular traditions in respect affecting this giant as a representative of local ancestral roots: the Lordship of Small Sars with his lord Michel Bruneau.
Rosette Small Sars is part of the "living heritage" but without actually being attached to this noble family.
Before the war of 1940, when the outputs of the Faubourg Sars, installed on a platform towed by a car, she stopped for a few moments before the Farm Sars in recognition of its hypothetical ancestors.
In the comedy Henri Boez: "The very true story of Maiden Rosette Small Sars" contrary to what one might believe, the play takes place at the castle of Michel Bruneau rue de la Chapelle.
For more information about "Friends of Maubeuge" click on this link. Friends of Maubeuge
- Chapel of Sars
The old chapel of Sars, built at the street to the right corner of the street and Sars Street Chapel dated from the time of the construction of the castle of the Lordship of Small Sars. This chapel was large enough to be served, at the time, by the canons of the Chapter of St. Aldegonde.After the Revolution, none of the successors of the Lordship of Small Sars did not come back their property and is easily understood by looking at the family tree. The chapel, although seriously damaged, was preserved and became the property of the City of Maubeuge, according to an earlier statement by the National Assembly in 1790. It also happened at the approach of the Revolution would appear pious hands put away certain objects and works of art located inside the chapel.
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| Chapel of Sars |
It was not until the late 19th century that two young people and friends, Victor and Pierre MOREAU Hürbin with the support of some of the inhabitants of the Faubourg Sars, decided to open a subscription to restore the chapel. Certainly, the City of Maubeuge, owner, should take charge but no budget had been allocated. To raise the necessary funds, they organized a concert hall RIBOT (eg coffee Central Road Mons). Bounties were rare and spectators stood at the windows to watch the show from the outside.
The two friends appealed to their personal funds for the restoration and the chapel was opened in 1876.
Restored, the inhabitants of the Faubourg could again come to pray the Virgin, Our Lady of Mercy, beautiful polychrome wood blank.
The ancient origins of Our Lady of Mercy.
During the first third of the fourteenth century, the first representations of the Virgin sheltering under his coat a Cistercian order medium is found. They multiply in midcentury to generalize after 1400, while affecting other orders, monastic or beggars.
The Virgin, Our Lady of Mercy is depicted standing, his coat open protecting the characters. Attributed to this statue donated protection.His feast is celebrated on September 8, the day of the Nativity of Mary.
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| Virgin of the Chapel of the Faubourg of Sars |
She wears a crown of stars, his coat and dress are also dotted with stars.
His open coat protects two children who pray on their knees. A boy and a girl would they be the children of the Faubourg des Sars seeking protection or comfort to the Virgin suite has these troubled times where Maubeuge was plundered and sacked more than twenty times. ? I leave you alone to decide.
Currently the statue of the Virgin is in poor condition due to water runoff from the roof leaks when it was in the old chapel. A major restoration could only be done by a specialist workshop.Computer editing have given the picture of Our Lady of Mercy appearance that probably should be the original colors.
War of 1914-1918, the chapel shook again following numerous explosions. The bell was removed by the invader to be melted. Lack of maintenance was also there for something, and deteriorating roof leaks inside.
In 1930, a Society Initiative (Friends of Maubeuge) was formed in the northern suburbs of Maubeuge. She considered a restoration of the chapel as complete as possible. She interceded with the City of Maubeuge, owner, who remade the roof and replaced the windows, serving as a funding remaining war reparations.
In 1930, a Society Initiative (Friends of Maubeuge) was formed in the northern suburbs of Maubeuge. She considered a restoration of the chapel as complete as possible. She interceded with the City of Maubeuge, owner, who remade the roof and replaced the windows, serving as a funding remaining war reparations.
The interior walls and the altar was rejointoyé derelict was replaced following a plan drawn by Henri Boez (Chairman of Friends of Maubeuge and Curator of the Museum of Maubeuge).
The tables were covered with a thick black grime and mold frames corroded. You could see the characters on both sides, certainly that of a triptych. The artist Henri Boez began carefully restoration. He was surprised to discover progressively cleaning the scenes of the Nativity and the Presentation of Jesus at the Temple traced by the brush of an artist of the fifteenth century. On the other panel the figures of Christ and the Virgin surrounded by angels and donor were discovered.
In 1971, the old chapel was emptied of its treasures for its demolition (see chapter below), unfortunately, 4 tables since their restoration had again deteriorated and Henri Boez who left this world and do longer there to speak, it is likely that through ignorance of their artistic value, they were sold.
The Second World War. It did not help things any time the chapel but it suffered little damage. The bell remained in his tower and after the war the "Litany to the Virgin of Mercy" resumed again and the office August 15.
Although located quite right of the entrance of the Rue de la Chapelle, she seems bothered some traffic. At this time some disgruntled said following the old adage that "when we want to kill his dog is said that he was mad."
The new Chapel. It is, coming from the Route de Mons, rue des Sars next to Albert Square PAUVROS about 100 m before the site of the old chapel.
Memories of former inhabitants of the Faubourg of Sars. September 8, the feast of the Nativity of the Virgin, gave the start of litanies. At 19 h 00 opened the doors of the chapel, the little bell could be heard in neighboring suburbs, driven by his rope, waving happily to call young men and women who, every night for 9 days would sing old tunes on the litanies. The sanctuary was adorned with flowers and blue and white muslin and the peristyle foliage standing before the door swung small diamond cut glass, there were long, the "glazier" whose nearby street leading Mons Road has retained its name.
Sunday which followed the September 8 corresponded to the day of the "Ducasse du Faubourg of Sars." It took place next to the chapel.When the bell began to ring, the music of showmen put muted as not to hinder the litanies that initiated 19 h 00. At the end of the service, a group of musicians came to play on the threshold of the chapel a "Waltz of the Virgin." The old neighborhood said that the music drew from Madonna "tears in his Paradise."
Songbooks were transmitted from generation to generation and specimens that exist today date from August 25, 1896. This collection was titled "Songs of Youth" With the exception of the "Hail Mary" sung in French, the other songs were in Latin. The agency began with: "Hail Mary" and then fired antiphons to the Blessed Virgin the "Salve Regina." Then came that gave the name to this office: "The Litany of the Blessed Virgin Mary," followed by "De Profundis." Four songs to the Virgin ended the ceremony. At the end two girls tended tea rooms where some stumbling echoed.
The end of a beautiful story. Unfortunately in the 80s, the new chapel was degraded by children too turbulent and although restored by the City of Maubeuge at the request of the inhabitants, its episodic deterioration continued. Another problem associated with the evolution of generations made, as shown in the photo, the young men and girls in the neighborhood had other ideas in mind to come and pray the Holy Virgin.
September 8, 2001, the small chapel bell rang the Sars last, to call the faithful to "Litany." This devotion was practiced for several years at the Church of the Sacred Heart. Today, in 2014, only a few old still have the memory.
If it is said that life is an eternal, hope that one day some young men and girls in this beautiful area of Faubourg Sars, find their way to the chapel again to ring the little bell and pray to the Virgin Mercy. Maybe more with these old songs but with new songs, although accompanied by rhythmic guitars.
Jean-Yves Boez
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